Can Video Games be a Tool for Child Development?
Video games have become a common pastime for children in today’s digital age. While they can offer an enjoyable escape and a source of stress relief, the question remains: are video games helping or harming children’s mental health?
Effects of Video Games on Mental Health
With the growing reliance on electronics for schoolwork, social media use, and online gaming, children spend more time behind screens than ever. Video games, in particular, have become a popular outlet for relaxation and leisure. However, excessive screen time, especially when spent playing single-player games, can lead to several concerns. Prolonged gaming sessions may contribute to social isolation, hinder emotional regulation, and affect cognitive development (Das, 2024). Because many of the most popular video games are designed for solo play, children often miss out on valuable social interactions, which could have long-term effects on their social skills and emotional well-being. Other games that rely on basic functions and repetitive movements may limit the brain's development, as they don’t engage all areas of the brain during critical growth stages (Parong & Green, 2023). Since the brain continues to develop until around the age of 25 for females and 26 for males, these types of games could have lasting effects on children’s cognitive development.
Effects of Video Games on Physical Health
In addition to their effects on mental health, video games can also have a significant impact on physical well-being. When children spend extended periods playing, they are often sedentary, using only their hands, which can hinder physical development. This lack of movement can impede physical development and contribute to increased fatigue and musculoskeletal pain. Sitting in a static position, especially if it’s not ergonomically supportive, can cause discomfort in the back, neck, and upper body (Pelletier, 2020). To prevent lasting pain and potential developmental setbacks, it’s important to encourage children to take breaks and move around while gaming. Furthermore, prolonged gaming can lead to the neglect of essential responsibilities and even withdrawal symptoms (Das, 2024). Issues such as anxiety and irritability may arise due to excessive screen time, which can negatively affect overall development by limiting exercise, social interaction, and educational opportunities (Yen, 2022). As children become more immersed in video games, they may begin to avoid tasks like schoolwork or chores in favor of gameplay. The highly engaging nature of these games, with features like leveling up and the temptation to "just play one more level," can make it easy for children to lose track of time, disrupting their daily routines and responsibilities.
Benefits of Video Games
As parents, you’re likely aware of your children’s interest in technology and how much time they may spend on technology, such as video games. But did you know that video games can also be educational tools? When used thoughtfully, they can make learning fun and interactive, capturing your child’s attention while encouraging creativity, problem-solving, and critical thinking. One effective way to support your child’s learning through video games is by introducing open-ended games. These types of games encourage critical thinking and problem-solving, helping children make connections and explore multiple solutions (Boudreau, 2021). For a great selection of educational games, check out the list below!
Video games can have both positive and negative effects on children’s development, depending on factors such as the content, the amount of time spent playing, and the way games are integrated into daily life. While they can promote cognitive skills, creativity, and social connections, excessive gaming or exposure to inappropriate content can lead to issues like reduced physical activity, poor academic performance, and unhealthy behavior. The key is finding a healthy balance - ensuring that video games are part of a well-rounded routine that includes other enriching activities. By setting clear boundaries, encouraging educational and age-appropriate games, and fostering open communication, parents can help children enjoy the benefits of gaming while minimizing the potential downsides.
References
Boudreau, E. (2021). How to recognize video games that engage kids of all ages in learning. Harvard. https://www.gse.harvard.edu/ideas/usable-knowledge/21/06/find-fun
Das, T. (2024). Is your child obsessed with video games? Here’s how it can affect young brains. MSN. https://www.msn.com/en-in/health/other/is-your-child-obsessed-with-video-games-here-s-how-it-can-affect-young-brains/ar-BB1pJjci
Parong, J. & Green, C. (2023). How video games change the brain. Frontiers. https://kids.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frym.2023.1177758
Pelletier, V., Lessard, A., Piche, F., Tetreau, C., & Descarreaux, M. (2020). Video games and their associations with physical health: A scoping review. National Library of Medicine. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7547538/
Yen, J., Lin, P., Wu, H., & Ko, C. (2022). The withdrawal-related affective, gaming urge, and anhedonia symptoms of internet gaming disorder during abstinence. National Library of Medicine. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9295250/